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Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment
BBT 402 - Plant Genetics
6 Pages • Essays / Projects • Year Uploaded: 2024
According to the Law of Segregation, alleles for each character segregate at random during meiosis. An allele is transferred from each parent to their offspring, producing a diploid organism. The offspring’s phenotype is determined by the allele carrying the dominant trait. The segregation of alleles can be demonstrated by the monohybrid cross, which results in a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 and a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1 in the F2 generation. According to the Law of Independent Assortment, genes have no influence on the sorting of alleles into gametes, which means every potential allele combination for each gene has an equal probability of occurring. The dihybrid cross can be used to illustrate the independent assortment of genes, which produces the F2 generation with a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 and a genotypic ratio of 3:1. The concept that the F1 offspring resemble only one of the parents with the dominant genes, but the recessive genes would reappear in the F2 offspring after the next round of self- fertilization, was established by Mendel (Cheng, 2022).
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